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Although the laws regarding motor vehicles differ from state to state, there are a few similarities across the nation in titling requirements, registration requirements along with taxes and fees and driver's licenses. On LawServer you'll find state and federal laws on motor vehicles, as well as related legal questions and answers.
Nationals from countries that have ratified the International Road Traffic Agreement can drive their cars to the United States without U.S. driver's licenses and license plates. DOT must authorize the trip in writing.
Vehicles imported by non-residents
Non-residents who want to import their cars must document their vehicles to ensure that they don't pay additional duty. This documentation includes the bill of lading, certificate of origin, and any other legal documents pertaining to the vehicle. All documents related to the vehicle must also be in English. If the vehicle is owned by more than one individual Each signature must be notarized and accompanied by a black and white photocopy of their current driver's license or ID card. If they don't have these documents, a Power of Attorney may be used to sign all paperwork.
To be legally entitled the vehicle that is imported must comply with the Department of Transportation's (DOT) and Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) regulations. The DOT standards require specifically that motor vehicles not older than 25 years old, conform to safety and bumper standards and that each vehicle be labelled by the manufacturer as having met these standards.
EPA regulations also stipulate that all vehicles must meet air pollution emission standards. If a non-resident wants to import an automobile that does not meet the standards and is not registered, they must file EPA form 3520-1 and DOT form HS-7 with CBP at the moment of entry to obtain prior approval from EPA.
Imported Racing Vehicles to Race
The laws governing motor vehicles vary from state to another, however there are commonalities across the nation when it comes to the registration of an automobile and getting a driving license. Highway, driver and vehicle safety are also subject to federal laws. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration within the Department of Transportation establishes and enforces national standards for vehicles and equipment, as well as a number of motor sport related regulations.
The first step to import racing cars into the United States is to get written approval from DOT. This is for cars which will be imported for the duration of their ownership or that are temporarily entered into racing.
In order to qualify to be eligible, you'll need to have an CAMS license as well as prove your past motorsport participation and a real need for the vehicle. You must also meet other compliance requirements including fitting child restraints and 17-digit VIN plate.
The EPA will not permit you to import race cars into the US unless that car is in a race configuration at the time of entry and does not possess any features that render it unsafe or incompatible for use on roads and highways. You must select box 7 on the HS-7 customs form and provide an EPA letter before the vehicle is cleared.
Touring vehicles that are imported to tour
Tourists from Central and South American nations that have accepted the Inter-American Convention of 1943 are allowed to drive their cars in the United States without obtaining license plates or permits for a period of one year or the validity of their documents. However, they must to present EPA forms the AP 3520-1 form and the DOT HS-7 at the moment of entry.
Vehicles imported for touring purposes are also subject to a 40% Customs duty as well as 10% VAT and ad valorem tax of 15 percent to 100% based on the displacement of pistons using their book value as the basis. These taxes and duties apply to spare parts included in the imported vehicle. The presence of the owner is required.
Vehicles imported for commercial use
The law defines the term "motor vehicle" to mean any device capable of transporting persons or property, and is powered by something other than muscle power. This includes all vehicles, except for (a) electric personal assistance mobility devices used by a person with a disability, (b) farm type tractor used for the farming or agriculture business and implements of mowing or snow plowing, (c) vehicles that run solely on rails and tracks and (d) vehicles with all-terrain capabilities. Each state's statute may differ from the definition and any nonexempt vehicle that meets the statutory definition is subject to the state's licensing and registration as well as financial responsibility laws.
The motor vehicle division of the state regulates new and used dealers manufacturers, moving companies, and other businesses related to motor vehicles. It also oversees the state's Lemon Law which offers relief for customers who can prove that they purchased an unreliable vehicle or truck.
The definition of a"government" vehicle includes any vehicle that has been acquired by the executive branch through purchase or forfeiture, in excess, commercial lease or GSA fleet lease, and used for the purpose of fulfilling an agency's or organization's transportation purpose. This encompasses both foreign and domestic fleets. The term also includes any vehicle used to respond to emergencies or provide other emergency services provided by the Public Safety Department. The definition excludes private vehicles used by firefighters or police officers ambulances, police vehicles, and any other vehicle belonging to the commissioners court of a county that has more than 1 million.